COMPLETEDCOMPLETED
Exploration of Integrated Geophysical Methods for
Defining Pollution Zones in Geological Formations
(GeoMonitor)
The methodology of the project is based on the combined use of various geophysical surveying techniques such as high resolution shallow seismic reflection, electrokinetic surveying and geoelectric exploration, in order to delineate the underground distribution of pollutant prone geological formations.
In particular, it is based on the
study of the electrical and seismic properties of geological formations and
their relation to the space-time evolution of subterranean pollution plumes.
The aforementioned methodologies
have been tested in the local authorities of Guves, Malia, Xersonissos and
Anopolis in Crete.
The most important of the
problems solved, concerns the
salinization of coastal aquifer and the subsequent destruction of coastal crops.
The applicability of the developed methodologies reaches a variety of fields
such as: the rapid delineation of pollutant prone geological features, the
assessment of saline intrusion
hazard of coastal aquifers and the
proper selection of waste disposal
sites.
The main project’s achievements
were: 1)The development of prototype software for the assessment of pollution
hazard, 2)The development of prototype hardware for the detection of saline
water intrusion and 3) Τhe development of hardware and software for the
automatic monitoring and control of the saline intrusion by optimizing the
pumping rates of nearby irrigation wells.
Table : Description of project activities
|
WP |
Duration |
Description |
COMPLETED |
COMPLETED | |
|
|
PHASE
1 |
|
WITH
DELAY | ||
|
1.1 |
4/96
– 9/96 |
Comparison
of merits and weaknesses of the various methodologies and selection of the
procedural framework, ensuring the most reliable results. |
|
| |
|
1.2 |
7/96 – 1/97 |
Selection
and purchase of new equipment and upgrading of existing ones. |
|
| |
|
1.3 |
7/96 – 1/97 |
Development
of a database application for the storage, processing and retrieval of the
monitoring process results. |
|
| |
|
1.4 |
7/96 – 1/97 |
Development
of tools for the remote operation of the monitoring process and the
control of well pumping to prevent aquifer salinization. |
|
| |
|
1.5 |
9/96 – 11/96 |
Selection
of test sites |
|
| |
|
1.6 |
11/96
- 1/97 |
Inegration
of SW and HW products for the execution of the monitoring experiments |
|
| |
|
1.7 |
12/96-5/97 |
Study
of test site geophysical characteristics |
|
| |
|
PHASE 2 |
|
| |||
|
2.1 |
6/97-2/98 |
Installation
of monitoring instrumentation |
|
| |
|
2.2 |
8/97-2/98 |
Preliminary
monitoring of saline intrusion |
|
| |
|
2.3 |
8/97-12/97 |
Preliminary
monitoring of pollutant-prone
zones in upper geological layers |
|
| |
|
2.4 |
11/97-1/98 |
Assessment
of methodological weakness and recommendations for refinements |
|
| |
|
PHASE 3 |
|
| |||
|
3.1 |
2/98-8/98 |
Refinement
& Improvement of Geophysical monitoring framework |
|
| |
|
3.2 |
8/98-3/99 |
Upgrading
of monitoring instrumentation |
|
| |
|
PHASE
4 |
|
| |||
|
4.1 |
4/99-6/99 |
Installation
of upgraded instrumentation |
|
| |
|
4.2 |
4/99-11/99 |
Monitoring
of saline intrusion and control
of pumping rates |
|
| |
|
4.3 |
8/98è |
Dissemination
activities |
|
| |
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
1.1 SELECTION OF THE PROCEDURAL FRAMEWORK-
ADOPTED METHODS
1.2 PURCHASE OF NEW EQUIPMENT AND UPGRADING OF EXISTING ONES.
1.2.1 Upgrade of existing equipment
1.2.2 Upgrade of Lab's software library
1.2.3 Purchase of new equipment
1.3 DEVELOMPENT OF A DATABASE APPLICATION FOR THE STORAGE, PROCESSING AND RETRIEVAL OF THE MONITORING PROCESS RESULTS
1.4
DEVELOPMENT OF TOOLS FOR THE REMOTE OPERATION OF THE MONITORING PROCESS AND THE
CONTROL OF WELL PUMPING TO PREVENT AQUIFER SALINIZATION
1.4.1
General System description
1.4.2.
System version 1.0 description
1.4.2.1
Description of system's H/w.
1.4.2.1.a
Local Station
Unit A (Processing System).
Unit B ((A/D Converter).
Unit C (Digital I/O).
Unit D (Hydrotron).
Unit E (Radiolink Control).
Unit F (Radiolink Network).
1.4.2.1.b
Description of Hydrotron System.
Power Supply Interface & Decoder Control Subunit.
PS Control Board(Switching PS Version)
Subunit.
Switching Power Supplies Subunit.
Reversing Polarity Subunit.
The Switching Box and Condition Subunit
1.4.2.1.c
Radio Control of Pumping Stations.
1.5 SELECTION OF SITES
1.5.1 Region Gouves
1.5.2 Region Anopolis
1.5.3 Region Xersonisos
1.5.4 Region Malia
1.6 INTEGRATION OF SW & HW PRODUCTS FOR THE
EXECUTION OF THE MONITORING EXPERIMENTS
1.6.1
Description of system's S/w.
1.6.1.1 Low-Level Drivers
1.6.1.2 Software of Local
Stations.
1.6.1.3 Software of Radiolink
Control.
1.6.1.4 Software of Control Processing System
1.6.1.5 Software of Radiolink
Network
1.7 STUDY OF TEST SITE GEOPHYSICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
1.7.1 The Guves Pilot site
1.7.1.1 Hydrochemical features of groundwater
1.7.1.2 The expanded Durov diagram
1.7.1.3 Ionic ratios
1.7.1.4 The chloride isoline map
1.7.2 Geophysical investigation at Guves
pilot site
1.7.3 Geophysical investigations at Hersonissos
pilot site
1.7.4 Geophysical investigations at Anopolis
pilot site
2.1 Installation of
monitoring instrumentation
2.2 Preliminary
monitoring of saline intrusion hazard
2.3 Preliminary monitoring of pollutant prone
zones in upper geological layers
2.3.1 The Ebaros test site
2.3.1.1 Geology
2.3.1.2 Geophysical investigations
2.3.1.3 Seismic measurements
2.3.1.3.a Processing of the seismic reflection data
2.3.1.3.b The final model
2.3.1.4 Electrokinetic investigations
2.4 Assessment of
methodological weakness and recommendations for refinements
3.1 REFINEMENT & IMPROVEMENT OF GEOPHYSICAL MONITORING NETWORK
3.1.1
System version 1.1 description
3.1.1.1 System's version 1.0 disadvantages.
3.1.1.2
Changes at version 1.1 H/W.
3.1.1.2.a
Power Supply Control Board (DC PS Version)
3.1.1.2.b
Power Supply Unit.
3.1.1.2.c
Current Limiting Unit.
3.1.1.3 Changes at version 1.1 S/W.
3.2 UPGRADING OF MONITORING
INSTRUMENTATION
3.2.1 System final version (Version 2)
3.2.1.1 Description of system's H/W
3.2.1.1.a Unit A (Processing System).
3.2.1.1.b Unit B (Digital I/O).
3.2.1.1.c Unit C (Radiolink Control).
3.2.1.1.d Unit D (Sensors).
3.2.1.2 Description of system’s S/W
3.2.1.2.a Software of Radiolink Network
3.2.1.2.b Processing Software
3.2.1.2.c Software of Radiolink Control
4.2 Monitoring of
saline intrusion and control of
pumping rates
PART B: ASSESSEMENT
B.1 NATURE OF THE PROJECT AND ITS EUROPEAN
DIMENSION
B.2 STATE OF THE ART OF EXISTING GEOPHYSICAL
METHODOLOGIES FOR GROUNDWATER POLLUTION MONITORING AND CONTROL
B.3 METHODS AND MAIN ACTIVITIES OR PHASES OF
THE PROJECT
B.4 PROJECT INOVATION
B.5 MULTIPLICATIVE POTENTIAL AND APPLICATION TO
OTHER REGIONS AND PROBLEMS
B.6 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT’S
ACHIVEMENTS
B.7 FINANCIAL BENEFITS
B.8 DISSEMINATION OF RESULTS
APPENDIXES
APPENDIX A: DEVELOPED SOFTWARE
A.1 Version 1.0 S/W Layout & sample GUI’s
screens & diagrams
A.1.1 Version 1.0 S/W Layout
A.1.2 Version 1.0 sample GUI’s screens & diagrams
A.2 Version 1.1 S/W Layout
A.3 Final version (Version 2.0) S/W layout
& sample GUI’s screens
A.3.1 Final version S/W layout
A.3.2 Sample GUI’s screens & diagrams
A.4 Electronic Circuits developed for
GeoMonitor
A.5 Printed Board Circuits developed for
GeoMonitor
A.6 Electronic Modules developed for
Geomonitor